Combustion-engine.



G. FORNACA.

COMBUSTION ENGINE. APPLICATION FILED APR-8| 1913.

1,146,788. I 'PatentedJuIyQO, 1915.

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G. FORNACA.

COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 8, I913- Patented July 20, 1915.

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comsusnow ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED APR- 3. 1913.

1,146,788. Patented July 20, 1915.

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' pipe 113 to inlet pipe 11, and 123 is an arm UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GUIIDO FOBNAOA, 0F TUBIN, ITALY, ASSIGNORTO I. I. A. '13., A- CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

COMBUSTION-ENGINE.

Patented July 20, 1915.

Original application filed January 5,1911, Serial No. 600,854. Divided and this application filed April 8,

' 1913. Serial No. 759,627.

I To all whom it may concern:

ments in the construction and arrangement of the parts of a combustion engine, more especially intended for automobiles, whereby the parts will be simplified and rendered more accessible, and also an improved mode of operation secured.

shaft, magneto and a pump, whereby the parts aremore compact, and increased simplicity and accessibility secured.

The invention with respect to the various parts thereof will be more fully understood in connection with the description of the accompanying drawings, wherein- Figure 1 is an elevation, seen from the left, of an engine embodying the invention; Fig. 2 is. a sectional view. showing the nterior of the engine; vand Fig. 3 is an end elevation partly in section showing the arrangement of the various shafts.

1- represents the frame of the machine, 2 the radiator, sup orted near the bottom by trunnions 3 and exibly supported at the top as through the hose-coupling 4 leading from the water jacket'outlet pipe 5 6 is a radiator-discharge pipe leading to the pump casing 7 formed in the base 30,- and I discharging by pipe 8 into the lower'front to inlet chambers 21, controlled by inlet portion of the water jacket casing 9. x

11 is the. inletmanifold pipe, 12 the exhaust pipe, 13 a water discharge port leading to passage 14 in removable water acket cover 15, and thence connected to radiator inlet pipe 5.

, 18, 19, are water bafile plates and strength-.-

ening ribs.

- Charge inlet pipe 11, branches by pipe 20 valves 22.

v chambers 25, and thence connected to ex-.

111 is a mixing chamber, connected by for operating the usualthrottle valve.

24 are exhaust valves which open into haust pipe 12, which is preferably within the Water jacket.

The cylinder casting, open at the bottom, is mounted on a base 30, having holes therethrough for the various connecting rods, the base having transverse arms 31 at each end which are fastened to the frame in the usual manner. The crank shaft 32 carries a flywheel 33 at the rear end and is mounted to be turned by starting crank 34 to start the engine in the usual manner. The crank shaft is what is known as a three bearing' crankshaft; that is, it has a bearing 35 at each end, and, an intermediate bearing 36 between the pairs of cylinders, -it being The object of the invention is to provide 'an improved driving gear for the cam understood that the invention is not restricted to a motor having four cylinders, nor

to any particular number of bearings. The base 30 is constructed to Withstand the strains from the crank shaft and carries complete the bearings 35, and. also the other bearings and shafts. In order to protect' the crank shaft, a crank case or bottom cover 37 is detachably secured to the bottom of the base as by bolts 370 and this crank case is formed to provide an oil reservoir which can be filled through pipe 38 and from the bottom of which the oil is taken by pipe 39 to an oil shaft bearings. In order to make the external oil ducts as few as possible, and thereby avoid a multiplicity of pipe connections, the base is formed at one side with oil duct 45, which is connected with the bearings 35 and 36' through tubes in the struts 47, at the ends and middle of the base casting. By this arrangement, a proportionate supply of oil is supplied to the various bearings according to the speed of the engine, and also it will be. seen that the pistons, crank pins and bearings will be lubricated by the splash from the oil contained in the detachable crank case.

operation of the shafting system in this inparts necessary to be included is secured and also compactness and simplicity in arrange- ,ment obtained.

-It is desirable to simplify and reduce the I will now describe the arrangement and external parts of an engine as much as possible, and to enable the absolutely essential external parts to be accessible and capable of being removed where necessary. This 5 is especially desirable of the magneto, which should be accessible and removable with the least amount of trouble, and the external appearance of the engine is improved by removing the manifold pipes, the oil feeds, and whatever other parts possible, or casing them so that they will not be subject to damage or disarrangement. Vith these objects in view, I propose to mount the mag neto at one end of the engine, preferably the front, and to arrange its driving shaft transversely of the engine, the water pump preferably being on the other end. As here- ,in shown, I have mounted the oil pump at "the rear end of the half speed cam shaft. which latter shaft operates bothsets of valves.

The crank shaft 3'2 carries at its forward end a gear 50,- which meshes with a gear 51 splined to the end of. cam shaft 52, the gear 51 having' a front bearing 53. At the center of the base casting 30 the cam shaft has ordinary bearings 51. Rigidwith the cam shaft 52 is a worm pinion which meshes with a similar pinion 56 carried by a transverse shaft 57 (see Figs. 2 and 3), this shaft 57-having a thrust bearing 58 journaled in the.. forward end of the base casting 30. The gear 51 is twice the diameter of gear 50, so that the camshaft 52'will be driven at one half ofv the speed of the crank shaft 32, and the pinion is'tw-ice the diameter of pinion 56, so that shaft 57 will bedriven at-the same speed as the main shaft 32, though of course any other ratio could be employed. 60 represents-the magneto which is herein shown as mounted on the right forward corner of the base 30 immediately adjacent the forward cylinder, and it is connected to be driven by shaft 57 through a universal or 'Oldham coupling 61. From the distributer .62 the wires63 lead to the corre- 1 sponding spark plugs 61 of the various cylinde-rs, .the wires being carried in the coni duit-65 supportedon the cover 15 or in any 50 other suitable manner. From .the engine casting-or separate spark plugs the usual .return connection to the magneto is provided. The shaft 57, as will be seen from Fig. 3, is supported by webs 66 cast in the 55 base 30, the center web also extending down to support the end bearing 35 for themai'n shaft, the base being extended to-form a cover inclosing the pinions 55, 56. Atthe opposite end of the shaft 57, there is mounted in abearing han er 68, carried by the base 30, a pump shaft 69, connected at one end with the shaft 57 and at the other end having the pump rotor 70 revolving in the pump casing *71. The pump casing 71 is 6 connected with the discharge pipe 6 leading from the radiator and peripherally discharges the water into pipe 8, connected as before stated to the water jacket.

The inner end of the shaft 52 drives an oil pump, such as a well known pair of meshing gears rotating in the oil pump casing 10 and operating to draw oil from pipe 39 and force it through oil ducts aforesaid to gage 41, and thenceto the various bearlngs. 1 I Q g.

By this inv ntion, a simple and accessible arrangement of "the auxiliary shafts of a combustion engine is provided. The several driven parts are all normallyv protected, yet'can be easily removed or examined when necessary. Moreover. lost motion between the crank and cam shafts is reduced, and quietness in operation secured. a

This application is a division of my application Serial No. 600,854, Combustion engine. filed January 5, 1911, and features decasing parallel to said crank shaft .and geared thereto, a transverse shaft journaled within the forward end of said casing and driven by said cam shaft gearing. a pump chamber formed in one corner of said casing, a magneto mounted on the opposite corner of said casing. a. movable pump element .car-

ried by one end of said transverse shaft, and a a driving connect-ion between the other end of said transverse shaft and the magneto.

2. The combination with an engine base adapted to be supported on avehicle frame, of cylinders mounted thereon. a crank shaft journaled longitudinally of the base. a cam shaft journaled parallel to said crank shaft and geared thereto to be driven at a. reduced speed, a transverse shaft journaled tothe forward end of said base and separately geared to be driven at an increased speed by said cam shaft gearing, a magneto, anda driving connection between said magneto and said transverse shaft.

3. The combination with an engine'base .;adapted to be supported on a. vehicle frame, of cylinders supported on saidbase, a c ank shaft, a cam shaft parallel thereto, av magneto and a water pump carried by said base, 1

"said cam shaft being driven by said. crank shaft, and said magneto and water pump belng driven by said cam-shaft gearing.

4. The combination with an engine base adapted to be supported on a vehicle frame,

7 of cylinders supported on said base, a cam shaft driven by said crank shaft and journaled parallel therewith, a transverse shaft driven by said camshaft gearing and journaled at the forward end of said base, a rotary pump and a magneto carried by said base, the rotary elements of said pump and a said magneto respectively being coupled to opposite ends of said transverse shaft.

- 5. The combination with a base, cylinders and valve mechanism, of a crank shaft, a

cam shaft parallel thereto, spur gearing at one end for directly driving said cam shaft at one-half speed, a spiral gear carried by said cam shaft adjacent said spur driving .gear, a-transverse shaft outside of" the forward cylinder, a spiral gear thereon driven 6. The combination with an engine com-- prising a plurality of cylinders, a crank shaft, acam shaft parallel to said crank shaft and geared thereto, an oil pump driven from said cam "shaft, a transv'erw shaft geared to said cam shaft, and a magneto and a water pump driven by said transverse shaft.

in presence of two witnesses.

GUIDO FORNAGA. Witnesses: p

J OOELYN GOUBEYRAN, PRATI ALDAY.

In testimony whereofI affix my signature, 

